Literary Analysis: The Yellow Wallpaper, by Charlotte Perkins Gilman Essay

Since its publication in 1892, The Yellow Wallpaper, by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, has generated a variety of interpretations. Originally viewed to be a ghost story, it has been regarded as gothic literature, science fiction, a statement on postpartum depression, having Victorian patriarchal attitudes and a journey into the depths of mental illness. More controversial, but curiously overlooked is the topic of the rest cure’ and whether Gilman’s associations are fact or fiction. Evidence supports Charlotte Gilman may have misrepresented the Weir Mitchell Rest Cure, and pokes more holes in The Yellow Wallpaper.† The story’s female character is suffering from â€Å"temporary nervous depression a slight hysterical(1) tendency,† and prescribed a rest cure. The treatment enforced absolute bed rest, forbade physical, mental or social activities and required total isolation from family and friends. Eventually the lack of stimulation and complete solitude only added to the desolation, and pushed her to the brink of insanity. The Yellow Wallpaper was based on Gilman’s personal experience with postpartum depression and treatment received by Dr. S. Weir Mitchell, pioneer of the Rest Cure. The parallels between her experiences and those of the story are noticeable, as are implications of late nineteenth-century patriarchal and medical attitudes toward women, during that time. As a fictional story, and nothing else, The Yellow Wallpaper depicts a postpartum woman driven to psychosis by an inept doctor who is also her husband. However, as a fictional autobiography, it is read as an â€Å"indictment of the nineteenth-century medical profession and its patriarchal attitudes.† After the 1973 reissue of The Yellow Wallpaper, Gilman directly criticizes Mitchell’s treatment, saying, â€Å"the real purpose of the story was to reach Dr. S Weir Mitchell, and convince him of the error of his ways.† She claimed his rest cure brought her â€Å"perilously near to losing [her] mind.† Mitchell’s â€Å"errors† by many accounts, far surpass his medical therapies alone. A tenacious male-chauvinist, by today’s standards, he was vehemently opposed to women voting, and strongly against higher education. He felt it got in the way of being good wives and mothers, saying â€Å"there had better be none of it.† Women’s â€Å"finest nobleness† according to Mitchell, was â€Å"to be homeful for others.†

Various Forms of Organizations

YOU DECIDE PAPER 2 Part I:   Discuss the various forms of organization that are available to Penelope, Mark and John The various forms of organization available to Penelope, Mark and John are: GENERAL PARTNERSHIPS: A general partnership is a business organization formed when 2 or more individuals or entities form a business for profit. All partners share in the management and in the profits and decide on matters of ordinary business operations by majority of the partners or by percentage ownership of each partner. Each partner is liable for all business debts and bears responsibility for the actions of the other partners.Each partner reports partnership income on their individual tax return. A partnership dissolves on the death or withdrawal of a partner unless the partnership agreement provides otherwise. Partnerships are relatively easy and inexpensive to form and require few ongoing formalities. LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY: A limited liability company is a new and flexible busines s organization of one or more owners that offers the advantages of liability protection with the simplicity of a partnership, i. e. partners are not liable for business debts.Each partner reports business income on their individual tax return. LLCs may dissolve on the death or withdrawal of an owner depending on state law. An LLC is not appropriate for businesses seeking to become public or raise capital. LLCs require few ongoing formalities but usually require periodic filings with the state and also require annual fees. LLCs are more expensive to form than partnerships. CORPORATIONS: A corporation is a legal entity that has most of the rights and duties of a natural person but with perpetual life and limited liability.Shareholders of a corporation appoint a board of directors and the board of directors appoints the officers for the corporation, who have the authority to manage the day-to-day operations of the corporation. Shareholders are generally liable for the amount of their i nvestment in corporate stock. A corporation pays its own taxes and shareholders pay tax on their dividends. However, in a subchapter S corporation, shareholders report their share of corporate profit or loss in their individual tax return. The corporation is its own legal entity and can survive the death of owners, partners and shareholders.A corporation is the best entity for eventual public companies. Corporations can raise capital through the sale of securities and can transfer ownership through the transfer of securities. Corporations require annual meetings and require owners and directors to observe certain formalities. Corporations are more expensive to form than partnerships and sole proprietorships. Corporations require periodic filings with the state and also require annual fees. (COMMON FORMS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATION  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ http://www. tulsascore. org/organization. tml) PARTNERSHIPS: Partnerships are unincorporated businesses. Like corporations, partnerships are sepa rate entities from the shareholders. Unlike corporations, partnerships must have at least one General Partner who assumes unlimited liability for the business. Partnerships must have at least two shareholders. Partnerships distribute all profits and losses to their shareholders without regard for any profits retained by the business for cash flow purposes. (LLCs are taxed as partnerships, unless they choose to be taxed as corporations. of   organization you believe will be best and be sure to explain the reasoning for your choice. In my opinion, a Limited Liability Company would be the best choice for them to form as it provides easy management and â€Å"pass-through† taxation (profits and losses are added to the owner(s) personal tax returns) like a Sole Proprietorship/Partnership, with the liability protection of a Corporation. Like a corporation, it is a separate legal entity; unlike a corporation, there is no stock and there are fewer formalities.The owners of an LLC ar e called â€Å"Members† instead of â€Å"Shareholders†. So in essence, it’s a like a corporation, with less complicated taxation and stock formalities. The heart of a Limited Liability Company is known as the â€Å"Operating Agreement†. This document sets the rules for operating the company and can be modified as the business grows and changes. Operating an LLC is less formal than a corporation, usually only requiring an Annual Members’ Meeting and Members’ agreeing to changes of the Operating Agreement and other major company decisions.Provides the liability protection of a corporation without the corporate formalities (Board meetings, Shareholder meetings, minutes, etc. ) and extra levels of management (Shareholders, Directors, Officers). Taxed the same as a sole proprietorship (1 Member LLC) or partnership (2 or more Members). (Which Type of Business Entity to Choose? http://www. mynewcompany. com/entity. htm) Part III:   Discuss the ta x consequences of contributing cash, property and/or services to the new entity. Contributions of appreciated property to an LLC, however, are generally tax free and there is no ownership or control requirement.There are ordinarily no federal income tax consequences when a person contributes property or services to an LLC, but there are some exceptions to this rule that you should keep in mind when planning for contributions by new or existing members of LLCs. Under IRC  §721(a), a contribution of property to an LLC is generally tax free to both the contributor and the LLC. There is no 80 percent control requirement to obtain tax-free treatment for a contribution to an entity taxed as a partnership as there is for a contribution to a corporation under IRC  §351.Therefore, a contribution of property to an LLC will be tax free even if the contributor obtains only a relatively small interest in the LLC in exchange. Part IV:   Discuss, in detail, how this entity is taxed (if at al l) and what filing requirements it has with the IRS Limited liability companies that are subject to the partnership tax rules are not responsible for actually paying the tax on business earnings, but are responsible for preparing annual partnership tax returns on IRS Form 1065.This return is for informational purposes only; all income, deductions and credits are reported by each individual owner. The LLC reports each owner's share of these amounts on a Schedule K-1 at the end of the year. In this situation, if Penelope, Mark and John earn $120,000 and have $60,000 of deductible business expenses, then each of them will receive a Schedule K-1 with $40,000 of earnings and $20,000 of deductions. Each of them must then report these figures on their personal income tax returns.Essentially, the business will increase their personal taxable income by $20,000. (LLC Tax Filing Rules – Tax Basis in LLC Interest: In general, the initial tax basis of a member who acquires an LLC interest from the LLC will be equal to the amount of money and the tax basis of any property that the member contributes to the LLC in exchange for such interest. The tax basis thus determined will be increased by such member's share of the LLC's liabilities, by its share of the LLC's income, and by any subsequent capital contributions.The member's tax basis will be reduced (but not below zero) by the member's share of LLC distributions and losses and also by any decrease in such member's share of the LLC's liabilities. IRC  § 752 embodies the statutory rules for sharing LLC liabilities. That Section provides that any increase in a partner's share of a partnership's liabilities, or any increase in a partner's individual liabilities by reason of assuming a partnership's liabilities, will be considered a contribution of money by such partner to the partnership.Conversely, any decrease in a partner's share of a partnership's liabilities, or any decrease in a partner's individual liabilities by reason of a partnership assuming such liabilities, will be considered a distribution of money to the partner by the partnership. Unfortunately, the statute does not provide for the manner in which a partner's share of liabilities will be determined. Instead, one must look to the Regulations. (Federal Income Taxation of LLC Members – http://www. mmmlaw. com/media-room/publications/articles/federal-income-taxation-of-llc-members)This last exception is the most important. In some circumstances, a court might say that the LLC doesn’t really exist and find that its owners are really doing business as individuals, who are personally liable for their acts (LLC Business Basics – http://articles. bplans. com/small-business-legal-issues/llc-basics/186) Cited Sources: COMMON FORMS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATION  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ http://www. tulsascore. org/organization. html Types of Business  Organizations: 6 Forms of Business for IRS  Purposes http://taxes. about. com/od/taxp lanning/a/incorporating_2. tm Which Type of Business Entity to Choose? http://www. mynewcompany. com/entity. htm Contributions to LLCs – http://www. alberty. com/newsletter_summer01. html How LLC Members Are Taxed – http://www. nolo. com/legal-encyclopedia/how-llcs-are-taxed-29675. html Tax Implications: LLC Versus S Corporations – http://www. hutchlaw. com/library/tax-implications-llc-versus-s-corporations LLC & Asset Protection – http://www. ehow. com/about_6563015_llc-asset-protection. html LLC Business Basics – http://articles. bplans. com/small-business-legal-issues/llc-basics/186

Alice in wonderland belonging

Alice in Wonderland is a well-known film produced in 1951. A remade modern version of the movie was made in 2010. The movie is an American live action/computer animated fantasy film directed by Tim Burton. It was released by Walt Disney Pictures, one of Hollywood’s â€Å"Big Six† film studios, and film stars including Johnny Depp, Mia Wasikowska, Helena Bonham Carter and Anne Hathaway. The movie is based on a nineteen year old girl named Alice going onto an audacious adventure. Alice has been confronted by an unwanted marriage proposal to a man, not knowing of how to reply, Alice gets overwhelmed and runs away following a rabbit in a blue waistcoat, and accidentally falls into a large rabbit hole, where she finds herself into another dimension called Wonderland. She gets greeted by a White Rabbit, a Dormouse, the Dodo, the Tall Flowers and Tweedledum and Tweedledee. They argue over her identity as being â€Å"the right Alice†, which legend says that she is somewhat supposed to slay the Red Queen Jabberwocky and restore the White Queen to power. Alice walks towards the Red Queen’s castle. The Red Queen welcomes Alice into her castle and shows Alice the Vorpal Sword (the only weapon capable of killing the Jabberwocky), not knowing that she is the chosen one to slay her Jabberwocky restoring peace to the land. Alice later then manages to retrieve the sword and gets caught by the Bandersnatch, a terrifying beastly creature. She runs away and hands over the sword to the White Queen. Word gets around that the White Queen has possession of the sword handed by Alice, and a rebellious war goes down. Both armies of the White Queen and The Red Queen prepare for battle. Alice later on manages to kill the Jabberwocky and peace is restored to the land. From the purple blood of the dead Jabberwocky, Alice uses it to magically return home. She promises to come back and visit again, like she had thirteen years back. Alice returns home and makes a pledge to her family to live life on her own terms. 1. There are numerous aspects of belonging being represented in the text ‘Alice in Wonderland’. One main aspect in the film ‘Alice in Wonderland’ that is being represented to belonging is, when Alice goes onto a mysterious journey in search of a destination where she truly felt she belonged as a child. Alice is being accepted in to the Wonderland which makes her feel belonged and allows her to get a better understanding about her situation in reality. The adventure she goes on, allows her to make many choices of her own and where she has to make a final decision to define who she is and who she wants to become in the real world. 2. Belonging is important to how we find our own identity within ourselves and our place with individuals. It is a connection to people, places, groups, communities and the wider world. Belonging can provide a sense of acceptance, security and completion. Nevertheless, the process of belonging may not always be depicted as a positive aspect. It can also lead to the exclusion or segregation of individuals due to obstacles that delay efforts to belong. The Depiction of belonging is similar to our core text â€Å"The Secret River†, as it has been shown throughout the whole text. An example of this is how both the Indigenous Australians and the English settlers both feel that they either own or belong to the land. As noted on page 93, â€Å"There were no signs that the blacks felt that the place belonged to them. They had no fences that said this is mine. No house that said, this is our home. There were no fields or flocks that said, we have put the labour of our hands into this place. † This quotation demonstrates how the English settlers have no understanding of ownership from the Aboriginal idea that they and the land are one. The Aboriginal people believed that the land was not something that could be retailed or negotiated away. The Indigenous Australians had cared, cherished and lived harmoniously with the land, while on the other hand, the British colonists saw no reason not to take the land and resources of the Aboriginals because they did not place any signs of them owning the land or any property. The Western had built permanent structures and plants out crops on fields as the Aborigines had not invested in the land. It was believed that someone who did not do labour on the land or developed its resources were not considered to own that land. The Indigenous Australians had felt the firmness of the land beneath their feet and knew that the land belonged to them, and that they belonged to it. The Depiction of belonging is similar to â€Å"The Secret River† as it has shown belonging in numerous ways throughout the text by demonstrating who owns the land and who does the land belong to. 3. There are many language techniques used throughout the film ‘Alice in Wonderland’ to communicate the idea of belonging. These would include symbolism, metaphors and similes. Symbolism is used in the text where Alice goes through a variety of absurd physical changes to her body. She feels traumatic and sorrow for never being the right size. This acts as a symbol for the changes a child may feel as her body grows and changes during puberty. Alice struggles to uphold a comfortable physical size. As stated in In Chapter 1, Well, Ill eat it, said Alice, and if it makes me grow larger, I can reach the key; and if it makes me grow smaller, I can creep under the door: so either way Ill get into the garden and I dont care which happens! She ate a little bit, and said anxiously to herself, Which way? Which way? † holding her hand on top of her head to feel which way it was growing; and she was quite surprised to find that she remained the same size. † This quotation shows that Alice is feeling miserable, frustrated and stressed when she keeps finding herself too big or too small to enter the garden. The use of symbolism used in this example demonstrates that it represents an abstract idea of Alice feeling irritated, traumatic and the act of not belonging. Another language technique that was used in the text is Metaphors. A Metaphor is a figure of speech comprising an implied contrast, in which a word or phrase normally is used of one thing is applied to another. †Down the rabbit hole† is a quotation from the film Alice in Wonderland. It is now a famous and most commonly used metaphor symbolising everything from exploring a new and unknown world to taking hallucinogenic drugs intending to explore through philosophical and existential thinking. In the film ‘Alice in Wonderland’, the rabbit hole is the place where all her adventures begins. It was Alices thoughtless decision to follow the White Rabbit that lead to all of her escapades. Lastly, the use of similes was used in the film. At the beginning of the film, Alice refers to telescopes. She wishes that she could â€Å"shut up like a telescope†, as well as other people too. The quote is intending that Alice wants to shut up, but keeps opening and shutting her mouth as to the ability to reduce a telescope’s size by collapsing its moving parts. She also expresses the craving and ability to shrink or grow as effortlessly as she would extend or contract a telescope. The use of simile is important because it conveys a distinctive and fascinating, thought to the audience by comparing it to something with which the reader is familiar of. In conclusion, the use of symbolism, metaphors and similes used in the film ‘Alice in Wonderland’ by the composer to communicate the idea of belonging is shown throughout the text is effective as it gives the audience a real, vivid image in their mind.

Behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Behavior - Essay Example This increases my ability to decide better things for myself. Thus, I have this ability now to always certain about my decision to where I am heading with my life in the future. Before I usually tried to think of things far from what really happened. As a result, it made no sense at all and it made me unable to grasp the whole picture of reality. Thus, it made me become shallow minded about my future for I lacked enthusiasm on things to come in my life. I think of things sometimes that are far beyond the reality, especially such as giving false mistakes for others which based entirely on a created personal bad thoughts alone. As a result, it put me into practice of giving poor trust to others. Worst, I would misjudge others based only on my one-sided thoughts. I realize that this is unhealthy and so I was able to refrain from entertaining bad thoughts. At work, my responsibility is to discover new things for the benefits of the company. Sometimes I failed to consider possibilities and it would always send me to moments of being unproductive by not discovering something new. Thus, there are times when I end up having no positive feedback for an innovative idea that might be essential for the company. A friend revealed that she hates the idea of being thought of what to do. She hates it especially most of the time because she simply just does not want to be told about what to do. However, she admitted that it brought no positive impact on her life. In most of the time now, she does not find any level of willingness to learn for there is clear low level of enthusiasm for it. As an effect, it usually took time for her to learn. Worst, she usually hates to think and just want to make things go as they are and free from her full control. I learned from a friend who is married and have a child. His wife seems not willing to be serious about giving good examples for their children. According to him, it seems it may not be her priority in the

Sam 386 assig 4 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Sam 386 assig 4 - Assignment Example The benefits consider the list of resources that are available to the participant of the athletics program. For Laser high school, there exist nine areas of benefit, which includes the equipment and supplies, scheduling of the practice time, per diem, coaching, locker rooms, medical services, publicity, tutoring, and support services. The equipment and supplies include the apparel, instructional devices, specific supplies and equipment, and apparel and uniform. Therefore, during the visit uniforms such as travel bags, shoes, and warm up were examined to ensure that the female and male participants have comparable attires. Most schools preferred the rotation based on some number of years. For instance, in the first year the basketball uniform for boys and girls were bought. In the second year, soccer attires were bought, in the third year softball and baseball attires were bought, in the fourth year tracks for the volleyballs and cross-country was bought. During the fifth year, the cycle started all over again. In Laser, a crucial aspect for the component was the policy on the basketball team of the girls that compete on the prime date. The policy of the high school is that every year, the basketball teams of the girls must need to schedule forty percent of the regular season contests during the prime date. The percentage of girls was necessary irrespective of the home game for boys. The percentage for the prime date was calculated by dividing the number of home matches on Friday, Saturday, and Sunday by the number of home matches scheduled (Carpenter, 2000). The program component involved the mode of transport, distance travelled, lodging, and meal that are offered for the teams. Specifically, the factors that were important include the means of transport; bus versus van, school bus versus the luxury charter, clinic and camps, arrangement of meals from booster group or restaurant, and the

Political Communication Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Political Communication - Research Paper Example Questionnaires were used to collect the data using the correlation design. The data was analyzed b use of tables and presented in a pie chart. Television, internet and the newspapers were widely used to transfer and get political information. Further research should be done to determine how politicians can clear their damaged images through political communication. A research should also be carried out to analyze how the political classes manipulate the channels of communication used in political communication to achieve their goals. People should also be able to choose the best channel of communication to ensure political success through political communication. Table of Contents Abstract 2 Table of Contents 3 Chapter one 5 1.0 Background information 5 1.1 Problem statement 6 1.2 Objectives of the study 6 1.3 Significance of the study 6 1.4 Limitations of the study 7 1.5 Theoretical framework 7 Chapter Two 7 2.0 Literature review 7 2.1 Political communication 7 2.2 Channels of commu nication 9 2.2.1. Television 10 2.2.2. Newspapers 10 2.2.3. Internet 10 2.2.4. Radio 11 2.2.5. Other channels of communication 11 Chapter Three 11 3.0 Research methodology and Design 11 3.1 Research design 11 3.2. Study location 12 3.3. Target population 12 3.4 Sample and the sampling procedures 12 3.5 Research instrument 12 3.6 Data collection methods 13 3.7 Data analysis 13 3.8 Data presentation 13 Chapter four: 13 4.0 Data Analysis 13 4.1 Data Analysis 13 Table 1: show the various channels of communication used in political communication, their use and the number of people the reach and the effects the have on the population. 13 Figure 2: A Pie Chart showing the percentages of the frequency of the channels used in political communication 14 Chapter five 15 5.0.Conclusion 15 6.0.Recommedations 15 References 16 Chapter one 1.0 Background information Graber (2005) argues that the study of political communication came into existences since the early days during the Aristotle’s rhetoric’s and politics written around 350 BC. Predictions have also been made that it could have started around 2,000 years. Political communication has it roots from communication and political science. It is concerned with the transfer of information and how this information influences the political world. It is mainly concerned with transfer of information during the political campaigns and the governments’ role in information technology, laws and regulations regarding communication policies and news broadcasting. In the modern day political communication addresses issues regarding power relationships, icons, the individual’s activities, political considerations as regards to the candidates and the symbolic structure of politics (McNair, 2003). The main goal of political communication is to pass a message that will influence the voters’ population. To be able to gauge their capabilities, political candidates are involved in the public debates where i t is determined who has the power to endorse, allow proper distribution of resources, ability to make concrete decisions and has social standings just like in America. Information in political communication moves across among the political elites, from the public to the relevant people in [power and from the political class down to the public. Information is organized and passed on by the political actors such as the parties and other groups interested in the

The Company Law Review was a missed opportunity to implement a model Essay

The Company Law Review was a missed opportunity to implement a model of the company better adapted to contemporary challenges.Discuss with reference to S.172 of the Companies Act,2006 - Essay Example Auditors were in hand with management and their reports were misrepresenting. Thousands of innocent people have lost their savings and investments. The Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) conceived that businesses in general will benefit from the new measures put forward in the proposals. There will be greater clarity on directors duties to include more attention to the interests of shareholders, but can pay regard to the long as well as the short term, taking due account of the interests of employees, suppliers, consumers and the environment. (Company law reform: UK proposals published, Out-Law News, 18/03/2005, http://www.out-law.com/page-5438, accessed on 10th April, 2009) The duty which is laid down in section 172 substitutes the common law duty of dedication. This duty of the Directors is considered as the duty to act in good faith in the interests of the company. The new duty warrants action towards the success of the company. The promotion should be for the welfare of the members as a collective body: it should not be just for the sake of the shareholders. This duty on the part of the directors is: The Company Law Review considered the following major issues in their proposals restructuring those parts of company law most relevant to small businesses, making it easier for them to understand what they need to do. The main issues are: growths in recognized best practice’ in corporate governance,1 with the outcome that it is now difficult and time consuming for directors to find out precisely what is the law applicable to the companies. In 1998, the then Secretary of State for Trade and Industry determined that there should be an all-inclusive appraisal of company law. The Review was carried on by a Steering Group constituting experts from law, commerce, accountancy and academia, with the support of a generally based Consultative Group, and it brought out its concluding report in July 2001. The Government reacted to the Review Groups propositions

Audience Contact Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Audience Contact Analysis - Assignment Example The messages that are sent by the organization to its existing and potential customers are called contact points they are also defined as any tools used to distribute the marketing message (Hammond 195). The Toyota Company has been in operation since 1937 and has grown from a simple company into a multibillion Company worth 397.05 billion yen (as of May 2014). Marketing excellence has been the backbone of their success. Their major contact point is their website that gives all the company details as well as shows their wide range of products. The website is user-friendly and provides their customers with a wide range of information (Hammond 195). The website operates an online help desk to ensure that any new customers can have all their questions answered. The website helps retain the existing customers due to the high-quality amenity it offers to them. The company spends over 14 billion dollars every year on advertisements. Unlike other companies, their marketing department has the highest number of employees as compared to the other departments. They advertise themselves on television often and also use billboards in strategic points all over the world. They have a distinct company logo which they show in all their adverts, and it acts as a mark of class to their products. Their brand has gained popularity in the market due to their high-quality products and hence their name markets itself. The Toyota Company runs a Toyota exhibition twice a year whereby they showcase all their products. In such exhibitions, the company interacts with its existing customers, and this helps build a healthy relationship between them. The exhibition also brings potential customers since they are not discriminative on who attends the exhibition and do not charge any fee. Apart from exhibitions, another contact point is their warehouses that are often in open space. Customers are allowed to visit the warehouses and view the vehicles. The layout of the

Independence of auditing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Independence of auditing - Essay Example The accuracy and reliability factor basically governs the shareholders’ relationship with the company, because such published account reports are the only indication about the company’s financial position (especially the soundness and proper functioning of its current investments), and as such, represents the basis on which the shareholders decide about investment in the company. Shareholders, therefore, need to be assured about the accuracy and reliability of the company’s published accounts. This is the reason why it is mandatory for companies to have their accounts checked by an independent auditor. High profile cases like the Enron debacle tend to not only lower the esteem of the auditing profession as a whole, but also to erode confidence of shareholders, making them doubt the authenticity of the reports published (Hermes.co.uk). The global auditing world is ruled by 5 auditing firms (called the Big Five) that have the capability to audit the largest public companies in the world. They are PriceWaterhouseCoopers (PwC), Klynveld, Peat, Marwick, Goerdeler (KPMG), Ernst & Young (E&Y), Deloitte & Touche (D&T), and Arthur Andersen (AA) {Europa.eu, 2002}. The Big Five attained their structure and position as a result of several mergers with other auditing firms (the last major merger involved Price Waterhouse and Coopers & Lybrand, who formed PriceWaterhouseCoopers, thereby trimming the Big Six to Big Five {Europa.eu, 2002}). After the Enron scandal in 2001, AA was struck off the Big Five list with the result that there are now the Big Four audit firms. Within the U.K, PwC is the largest audit firm, although by a worldwide comparison, the Big Four are almost evenly matched (Oxera.com, 2006). Public concern about the independent status of auditors stems from the trend of audit firms to diversify to other non-audit services

Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Design - Essay Example ; the contribution of the research to the field and to the society; the value of the research to the researcher; and how the research will be perceived. In carrying out the design project, design methods have been sought that can be relevant throughout the design process. This implies gathering the necessary design literatures. When it comes to online search for design literatures, the key word for the search will be ‘design method’ even though this is expected to generate general results, some not related with the design subject being handled. Both secondary and primary sources will be used in the process so as to develop a concrete project that fully satisfies the vision and mission of the project. Given the magnitude of the project, stakeholder involvement in the setting the mission and vision is very critical (Clarke, 2008). As such, a meeting with key stakeholders will be necessary. Additionally, a diverse team will be assembled which will be instrumental in implementing the vision and mission of the project. Further, scenarios of user experience will be explored; the target group defined in terms of gender, age an d income range, where they live, their culture and their general preferences. Even as the project will be ongoing, more literatures will be assessed to further enhance creativity and expand the scope of ideas in terms of design. Given the nature of the project, strategic thinking will be of critical importance in ensuring that critical business assumptions are not missed (Gordon et al., 1998). It will also enable better conception of ways of managing the project. Establishing a strategic story would add value to the project and create a measure of uniqueness that will distinguish the project from the rest. Reading the book â€Å"The Business Model Canvas†, some vital questions regarding the personal project have emerged. Using the building blocks mentioned above, systematic strategic plan that is highly likely to result in the successful

Martin Bernal and describes Essay Example for Free

Martin Bernal and describes Essay Black Athena is the works of Martin Bernal and describes the Afro-asiatic roots of classical civilization in ancient Greece. Martin examines the perception of ancient Greece in relation to its African and Asiatic neighbours especially in West Europe. This occurred in the 18th century onwards and exhibits the denial by the western academia and the influence of the Greek culture on civilization. In his work Bernin does not support the Greek civilization as being founded by the Aryan settlers whose trace is Europe. He gives proves as to the arguments of the famous great Grecian thinkers like Plato, Socrates and Aristotle that Phoenician civilization originally colonized Greece. In this basis he comes up with a theory based on the methodology of these historians and this theory states that Greece was colonized by northern invaders with their existing colony established in Phoenicia. (Moore, 2001) He uses several examples to explain that countries of Africa like Egypt and those on the west are being admired by prominent European leaders because of their historical backgrounds. The current Greek language spoken in classical Grecian world has its roots in the proto Greek language and influence from other Anatolian languages that were spoken nearby. The culture in Greece is believed to have been developed as a result of comparison of unity of elements. Bernam puts great emphasis on the elements of Africa that shaped the Grecian history. He compares the 19th and 20th century eurocentrism with the development of the western appropriation culture and its development. He argues that the western world influenced the Modern Greek language terming the contact between the indo European languages and the culturally influenced Egyptian and Semitic languages as very key in the determination of the modern Grecian culture and language. He gives examples of some words being used in the modern language of Greece to have been from these origins. He estimates the introduction of the Greek alphabet to have been between the period 1800 and 1400 BC. (Moore, 2001) Bernal came to the conclusion that the relationship between ancient Greek and Egyptian influence should not be taken lightly. His background traces to the interests he had on Egypt since childhood and the inspirations by his father. He is further encouraged to take this direction by the discovery of the works of Cyrus Gordon and Astour. Afrocentrism which is now the most felt model in the North American primary and secondary schools has been noted to be the most significant and challenging developments in higher education systems and curriculums. It’s a model which encompasses both multi cultural and Afro Hellenic orientations. This simply means that it’s grounded in ethnic and cultural diversity and the aspect that it is attributed to Africa. In contrast with the black Athena which attributes the development of modern Greece to the western world, the Afrocentric model attributes it to be an abstract, intellectual civilization which is grounded in the traditional orientations of western civilization. Bernal’s discovery of the black Athena is the modern thinking of how the Greek world came into being but has been criticized as not with definite reasons as afrocentric movement. His was of a different order that racist and anti Semitic scholars only showed the historical facts from the Bronze Age onwards making the culture of Greece to be a product of only Egyptians and Levantines. He argues that for the complete concealing of the origin of the Greek culture we need to consider the north of Athens and the medditerenian island of Crete, civilizations which took place in the third millennium. Bernal’s case is different from the afrocentric models because it rests upon on legend and myth. It relies upon the stories told by the ancient Greeks like Aristotle and Aristotle. He interprets these stories as the memories of the Egyptian and Phoenician developments. There is a critic about this however because we need to ask ourselves ‘of what benefit is myths and legends? ’ (Bernal, 1987) Bernal attributes archaeology, myth and linguistic borrowings as evidence to the development in Greece. The history and development of Greece is of much importance to the culture adopted today in Greece. Without the historical base Bernal suggests that tracing of the Greek history and civilization would be very complicated. Bernal claims that approximately 30% of Greek is of Semitic origin, 20% from Egyptian origin and the rest from the ancient Greek origin. Critics however have suggested that his demonstrations is only based on the resemblance merely and not the principles of linguistic adaptation. Bernal takes the similarity of a few words and tries to generalize. The afro centric orientation is based on the western world and argues that linguistic development in Greek civilization has been natural like the development of any other language. (Bernal, 1987) The contention that the Egyptians were the greatest civilization in history is critically opposed by the Afrocentrists. Afrocentrists view the Egyptians as only blacks who cannot contribute anything to the civilizations which took place especially in Greece. Bernal regarded the developments of Greeks like the scientific and mathematical orientations as very important movements. It’s however criticized by the afrocentrics as a total disregard of the facts of chronology. Conclusion The black Athena and the afrocentric movements have had an influence to the history and civilizations of the current Grecian histories. In our study of the two models we need to understand the fact that the current ancient civilization is as a result of amalgamation of the two models. Bernal in his book Black Athena: The afroasiantic roots of Classical civilization addresses the issues which have made the Greek world today be the way it is. Reference: Bernal, M. (1987) Black Athena: Afroasiantic roots of Classical Civilization, Rutgers University press. Moore, D. (2001) Black Athena writes back, Duke University press.

Gothic Satire Essay Example for Free

Gothic Satire Essay The subject of homework is cause for much debate between teachers, students, and parents. However, it is obvious that homework is not necessary every day. Homework should not be assigned to students on a daily basis because of health issues, the level of difficulty and the problem with time management. So I suggest the teacher can assign the homework twice a week, it is a way more easy to let students done their work. To begin, daily homework is unnecessary because of health issues. Students who have too much homework can develop poor sleep habits; many students pull â€Å"all-nighters† in an attempt to keep up. Another health issue is the lack of fresh air. Students show simple exposure to sunlight can provide bodies with neccessay vitamins, but there is no sunlight at your desk in your bedroom! Lastly, stress levels go through the roof when faced with too much work; in countries like China, overworked students have a high suicide rate. Evidently, too much homework can seriously damage your health. In addition, daily homework presents an unrealistic level of difficulty. If all teachers support daily homework, a student will have a heavy workload, with homework from four classes! Some homework is simply too difficult to be completed alone; a parent is not a teacher and should not be expected to know all the answers. Finally, struggling students who face failure at school and at home might choose to give up on school completely. A student who did not understand all day will fell even more discouraged when left alone to complete the work. Obviously, daily homework is simply too difficult. Finally, daily homework causes major problems when it comes to time. Many students need to work to supplement their family income or for posr=secondary education; there is no time for a student to manage a part-time job and homework. Valuable leisure time with family and friends also suffers when daily homework is assigned. Students need connections with the people who care about them in order to be emotionally and mentally healthy. With no time to simply unwind with those we love, we cannot form healthy relationships. Last but not least, students who have homework every day cannot join extracurricular activities such as sports and clubs. The educational system constantly stresses that a successful student is an active part of the school community, but a student with no free time has no time to join and make new friends. Thus, daily homework seriously compromises a student’s free time. In conclusion, due to problems such as good health, increased level of difficulty and lack of time, daily homework should not be assigned; it is, quite simply, unrealistic. Teachers should keep in mind that they are developing future people, and people require a healthy mind, body and spirit.

Summary On Turkey Import Export Economics Essay

Summary On Turkey Import Export Economics Essay Turkey is officially known as the Republic of Turkey is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia mostly in the Anatolian peninsula and in East Thrace in South-eastern Europe. Turkeys location at the crossroads of Europe and Asia makes it a country of significant geostrategic importance. In addition to its strategic location, Turkeys growing economy and diplomatic initiatives have led to its recognition as a regional power in the Middle East. According to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) , Turkey is expected to be the fastest growing economy among OECD members between 2011 and 2017, with an annual average growth rate of 6.7 percent. Although immigration from rural to urban areas since 1990 has been high, 24.5% of the population still lives in rural areas. The major cities and their populations are: Istanbul, the trade and finance centre, 12.9 million; Ankara, the capital, 4.7 million; Izmir a major player in the dairy, greenhouse and tourism sector, 3.9 million; Bursa, the centre of automotive manufacturing and food processing, 2.6 million; Adana, the centre of agricultural production,2.1 million; Konya, the canter of grain production, 2.0 million; and Antalya, the centre of vegetable production and tourism sector, 1.9 million. The population of Turkey is expected to reach 75.8 in 2013 and 77.6 million in 2015. Seventy-two percent of the population is under the age of 35 and 26% is under t he age of 15. Parameter Value in Year 2010 : Population 74 million, Labour Force (Population) 25.9 million Median Age 29.2, GDP USD 736 billion, GDP Per Capita USD 10,079, Exports Value USD 120.9 billion, Imports Value USD 185 billion, Tourism Revenue USD 20.8 billion, Tourist Number 28.5 million people, Foreign Direct Investment USD 9.1 billion, Number of Companies with Foreign Capital 25,500, Inflation Rate 6.4%. Turkeys largely free-market economy is increasingly driven by its industry and service sectors, although its traditional agriculture sector still accounts for about 25% of employment. An aggressive privatization program has reduced state involvement in basic industry, banking, transport, and communication, and an emerging cadre of middle-class entrepreneurs is adding dynamism to the economy and expanding production beyond the traditional textiles and clothing sectors. The automotive, construction, and electronics industries, are rising in importance and have surpassed textiles within Turkeys export mix. Oil began to flow through the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline, marking a major milestone that will bring up to 1 million barrels per day from the Caspian to market. Several gas pipelines projects also are moving forward to help transport Central Asian gas to Europe through Turkey, which over the long term will help address Turkeys dependence on imported oil and gas to meet 97% of its ene rgy needs. After Turkey experienced a severe financial crisis, Ankara adopted financial and fiscal reforms as part of an IMF program. Turkeys public sector debt to GDP ratio has fallen to roughly 40%. Continued strong growth has pushed inflation to the 8% level, however, and worsened an already high current account deficit. Turkey remains dependent on often volatile, short-term investment to finance its large trade deficit. The stock value of FDI stood at $99 billion at year-end 2011. Inflows have slowed considerably in light of continuing economic turmoil in Europe, the source of much of Turkeys FDI. Further economic and judicial reforms and prospective EU membership are expected to boost Turkeys attractiveness to foreign investors. However, Turkeys relatively high current account deficit, uncertainty related to monetary policy-making, and political turmoil within Turkeys neighbourhood leave the economy vulnerable to destabilizing shifts in investor confidence. IMPORT REGULATION Overall, Turkey has a relatively free market for trade in goods and services as a result of liberalization measures introduced over the past two decades. Turkey follows basic WTO rules to regulate imports and tariff structures and has adopted the European Union (EU)s common customs tariff for imports from third countries. Turkey signed a customs union with the EU in 1996, eliminating all duties and charges on goods imported from EU member countries, excluding services, public procurement and unprocessed agricultural products. Turkey has signed free trade agreements with various countries and extends preferential treatment for least developed countries and some developing countries. TARIFFS AND CLASSIFCATION OF GOODS Turkeys tariff schedule is based on both the Harmonized Coding System (HS) and the Combined Nomenclature (CN) of the European Union within the framework of the Customs Union. Import duties are calculated on cost, insurance and freight (CIF) prices and are levied as a percentage on the landed value of the good. The importer is responsible for payment of the Turkish value-added tax (VAT), which is set at 18% for the majority of imports or 26% for luxury goods. Goods on which duty was paid on entry to an EU country can be admitted duty-free to Turkey and vice versa (with exceptions for agricultural goods and some industrial products). Clearance time is usually one to three days, depending on the type of freight. In the event of a classification dispute, the higher duty can be paid with the intent to seek reimbursement at a later date STANDARD The Turkish Standards Institute (TSE) is responsible for setting standards in Turkey. TSE approval is required to import any product covered under these standards. Many categories of products are subject to restrictions and special requirements such as narcotics (prohibited) and weapons (subject to strict license control). Items such as live animals, medicines and pharmaceuticals, food and plant products, organic chemicals, telecommunications equipment, ozone-depleting substances, explosives, banknotes and commercial paper, radioactive materials and temporary import of goods for exhibition may require additional permissions and certificates from government agencies. FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN TURKEY Foreign direct investment plays an important role in the Turkish economy. The Government has introduced reforms to improve the investment environment in Turkey, such as simplified procedures, new legislation and tax incentives to attract foreign investors. Under Turkeys programme to privatize state enterprises, foreign investors benefit from the same rights and incentives as local investors. FREE TRADE ZONES IN TURKEY Turkey has numerous free trade zones, considered to be outside the jurisdiction of Turkish customs authorities. Goods can be imported duty-free, assembled, manufactured, stored, repackaged and re-exported without paying tariffs. Unlike many free zones around the world, Turkish free zones allow sales into the Turkish market, subject to a fee. EXPORT REGULATION TRANSIT 1 Increased concern on the transit of dual-use items within Turkey as well as within the international community. Relevant Turkish legislation 1 The related provisions of the under secretariat of Foreign Trade Communiquà © 2003/12 on the Control of Exports of Dual-Use and Sensitive Items. The related provisions of the Customs Law no. 4458 dated 5 February 2000 which conforms with EU Customs Code (Council Regulation 2913/92). TRANSIT 2 Relevant Turkish legislation 2 Anti Smuggling Law no. 5607. Within this legislative framework, transits of items that are subject to export controls are treated on a case-by-case basis within the scope of interagency cooperation. ENFORCEMENT -1 Located in a sensitive geography where transit-trade and transit-shipment is common, customs enforcement and ground interdiction in general is of prime importance to Turkey. Customs authorities use an extensive database for enforcement purposes. New security systems have also been developed and established to prevent illegal trafficking of goods. ENFORCEMENT- 2 Intelligence and Land Border Gates Vehicle Pursuit Program has been developed. System currently operates at strategically important land border gates and seaports. All alerts and intelligence information about suspected vehicles, goods, firms, brokers and other actors are introduced into this program and forwarded to all regional units. ENFORCEMENT- 3 Fixed and mobile vehicle and container scanning systems Fixed, mobile and handheld radiation detection units Transit Vehicle Traction System / Monitoring of movements at the Control Centre in Ankara. System alerts enforcement officers when The vehicle leaves its specified route within Turkey, or The vehicle remains outside the path already specified, The mobile tracking unit is removed. EXPORT CONTROLS: COOPERATION ON THE GROUND We receive intelligence (either through own Intel channels or through international cooperation. Immediate action by MFA: call on board interagency task force. Depending on the intelligence: relevant export control authority + intelligence insight sought + if necessary military advice (including naval/air). Ability to confirm proper licensing/customs info. Intelligence needs to be on time and accurate. A CHALLENGE IN EXPORT CONTROLS-FREE ZONES-1 Constitutes a loophole within control systems. Can be exploited by proliferators. The transfer of sensitive items to other destinations is difficult to trace. The burden of the exporter country is increased In Turkey: transfer of dual-use items into free zones in Turkey are subject to licensing according to the export legislation. A CHALLENGE IN EXPORT CONTROLS-FREE ZONES-2 The items transferred into the free zones cannot be transferred out of the free zone without the permission of the under secretariat of Foreign Trade (UFT). Import Certificate and End-user Certificate is required for the transfer. If and when necessary, UFT consults other relevant institutions before granting permission. The UFT has the authority to deny or postpone the transfer. RECENTLY CHANGED REGULATIONS In December 2011 several amendments were made in the regulations which include : Official import controls of plant origin food and feed , Measurements to monitor certain substances and their residue on live animals and animal products, Food Hygiene , Food premises registration and approval , Food and Feed official control ,Pre-notification and veterinary checks of animal and animal products entering to the country, Specific rules for animal products official inspections, Veterinary checks on products entering to the country, Veterinary checks on live animals entering to the country, Domestic animal and animal products movements, Animal Hospital regulation , Veterinary checks on animal and animal products entering to the country, Animal welfare regulations, Protection and combating measurements against cattle leucosis, Protection and combating measurements against cattle anthrax, Surveillance of zoonose and zoonotic agents, related antimicrobial resistance and food borne outbreak, Cri teria of livestock markets registration and inspections, Animal welfare during animal transportation, Animal by products that are not intended to use for human consumption, Sperm, Ovum and Embryo production centre establishment, Special hygiene regulation for animal products, Feed hygiene, placing on the market and use of feed, methods of sampling and analysis for the official control of feed, Turkish food codex, Maximum residue limits of pesticides, Flavorings and certain food ingredients with flavoring properties, Food additives, Microbiological criteria for foodstuff, labelling, Contamination, Materials and articles intended to come into contact with food, Import inspection regulating, In December 2012 amendments were made in the regulations which include : Bread and varieties of Bread, methods of sampling for chemical analysis for the monitoring of preserved milk, composition and labelling of foodstuffs suitable for people intolerant to gluten, sampling, testing method for dioxin and similar products, methods of sampling for chemical analysis of edible caseins and caseinates, indications or marks identifying the lot to which a foodstuff belongs TURKEY IMPORTS-EXPORTS EXPORT $133 billion (2011) $120.9 billion (2010) EXPORTS-COMMODITIES Apparel, Foodstuffs, Textiles, Metal Manufactures, Transport Equipment EXPORTS-PARTNERS Germany 10.1%, UK 6.4%, Italy 5.7%, France 5.3%, Iraq 5.3%, Russia 4.1% (2010) TURKEY EXPORTS BY PRODUCT in 2010 (In US DOLLORS ($)) Food and Live Animals 6,512,339,000 Beverages and Tobacco 736,445,000 Crude materials ,Inedible, Except fuels 1,334,833,000 Mineral Fuels ,Lubricants and Related Material 2,641,023,000 Animal and Vegetable Oils, Fats and Waxes 405,300,000 Chemicals and Related Products 2,801,266,000 Manufactured Goods classified chiefly by Material 20,408,933,000 Machinery and Transport Equipment 21,005,357,000 Miscellaneous Manufactured Articles 15,947,496,000 Commodities and Transact-ions not classified elsewhere in the SITC 1,106,838,000 ELECTRICITY EXPORTS (million kWh) IN 2012 -1550 OIL EXPORTS 68,450 bbl/day (2011) NATURAL GAS-EXPORTS 649 million cu m (2011) IMPORTS $212.2 billion (2011) $185 billion (2010) IMPORTS-COMMODITIES Machinery, Chemicals, Semi-Finished Goods, Fuels, Transport Equipment IMPORTS-PARTNERS Russia 11.6%, Germany 9.5%, China 9.3%, US 6.6%, Italy 5.5%, France 4.4%, Iran 4.1% (2010) TURKEY IMPORTS BY PRODUCT SECTION YEAR 2010 (In US DOLLORS ($)) Food and Live Animals -1,615,878,000 Beverages and Tobacco -298,876,000 Crude materials, inedible ,except fuels 7,660,516,000 Mineral Fuels, Lubricants and Related Materials 15,764,234,000 Animal and Vegetable Oils, Fats and Waxes 744,731,000 Chemicals and Related Products 16,166,494,000 Manufactured Goods classified chiefly by Material 19,989,660,000 Machinery and Transport Equipment 37,808,892,000 Miscellaneous Manufactured Articles 6,615,182,000 Commodities and Transactions not classified elsewhere in the SITC 10,109,685,000 OIL IMPORTS 581,000 bbl/day (2011) NATURAL GAS-IMPORTS 38.04 billion cu m (2011) GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (GDP) This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nations GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates is the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States. GDP (PURCHASING POWER PARITY) $1.026 trillion (2011) $981.2 billion (2010) $906.9 billion (2009) Note: data are in 2011 US dollars Source: International Monetary Fund 2011 World Economic Outlook GDP REAL GROWTH RATE 4.6% (2011) 8.2% (2010) 4.7% (2009) Variable: Gross domestic product, constant prices Units: Percent change Country-specific Note: See notes for: Gross domestic product, constant prices (National currency). Source: International Monetary Fund 2011 World Economic Outlook Year Gross domestic product, constant prices 2008 0.659 2009 -4.826 2010 8.945 GDP PER CAPITA (PPP) $14,600 (2011) $13,800 (2010) $12,900 (2009) Note: data are in 2011 US dollars Year Gross domestic product based on purchasing-power-parity (PPP) per capita GDP Percent Change 2008 13107.54 1.68 2009 12460.79 -4.93 2010 13577.11 8.96 GDP COMPOSITION BY SECTOR Agriculture: 9.3% Industry: 28.1% Services: 62.6% (2011) AGRICULTURE SECTOR Agriculture has always been one of the most promising sectors for Turkey, both for the domestic economy and in terms of international trade. Around 40 percent of Turkeys land area is arable and offers a large range of products such as grains, pulses, oil seeds, fruits and vegetables, cut flowers, poultry, dairy products, seafood, honey and tobacco. Grain production, livestock and fisheries/forestry account for 67 percent, 26 percent and 7 percent of the total agricultural production, respectively. Turkeys agricultural imports in 2010 and 2011, excluding processed food, reached USD 6.49 billion (3.49 percent of the total imports) and USD 8.94 (3.7 percent of the total imports), respectively. Export were USD 5.09 billion (4 percent of total exports) in 2010 and USD 5.35 (3.9 percent of total exports) in 2011. The top Turkish exports are dried figs, dried apricots, sultana raisins, hazelnuts and hazelnut products. Turkeys top imports are cotton, soybeans, hides and skins, feed ingredients, live animals and paddy rice. FOOD PURCHASING BEHAVIOUR The Turkish food sector is becoming more advanced due to retailer demands for higher standards and investments by food manufactures. Through the widespread presence of modern international and domestic grocery retail outlets such as Metro, Carrefour, Tesco and Migros as well as rising incomes, the consumption patterns of Turkish consumers have shifted away from bulk and raw foods towards packaged and processed foods, including ready-to-eat meals and frozen foods. An increase in the number of females working full-time and higher levels of disposable income has supported this trend. This is particularly the case in urban centres. The major food consumption patterns have not changed as much in the rural areas and are still based on wheat and grain products and a variety of meat products. Consumers in the south east of Turkey mainly consume lamb, but in Central Anatolia and the West more consumers prefer beef. Milk consumption has not increased as quickly as milk production, which increa sed from 8 million MT in 2002 to 12.5 million MT in 2011, but the variety of milk products such as yogurt and cheese increased. There are still a lot of opportunities for investments in the dairy products sector but products should be adjusted to local tastes. Turkey should be considered a door to Middle Eastern market. Due to shared history and religion as well as common cultures, Turkish agriculture and food export to the Middle East increased dramatically in the past decade. The Halal and organic food subsectors are areas which could be ready for investments or partnerships in the region. Production in the food and beverage sector reached TRY 8,852 million in 2009, which constitutes 18-20 percent of the countrys production as a whole. The proportion of Turkish household expenditure allocated to food and beverages, which was around 23 percent and declined to about 21.9 percent in 2009, remains high compared with Western standards, which range between 15-20 percent. But Alcoholic beverages and tobacco expenditures increased from 4.1 percent to 4.5 percent in 2009-10. Total consumer spending on food, beverages and tobacco was estimated at around USD 145 billion in 2010. The Turkish economy grew 15.7 fold between 1980 and 2010 from TRY 70 billion to 1,105 billion whereas the food sector grew 14.8 fold from TRY 15 billion to 222 billion in the same period. Accordingly, the share of the food sector in Turkeys GDP dropped to 20.1% in 2010 from 21.4% in 1998. The Turkish diet contains a large share of baked goods. Hence, the bakery subsector forms the majority (65 percent) of the total number of food and beverage companies in Turkey. In 2011 Turkey consumed 11,486,000 MT of bread and only 33,600 MT of packaged bread. Turkish consumers tend to buy bread from small bakeries when it is hot and generally dont buy packaged sliced bread. Another important bakery product is the Simit (type of bagel) as well as salty cookie-like products. Modern bakery shops have begun to open, especially in Istanbul, but that is not widespread throughout Turkey. Moreover, due to the low quality of flour available in Turkey, pita style bread is popular in East and South East Anatolia. Therefore, the bakery sector in general offers a lot of opportunities for growth and development. FINDING BUSINESS PARTNERS IN TURKEY There are 467 foreign companies actively operating in the Turkish food sector. Cargill, Bunge, Nestle, Unilever, Coca-Cola, and Pepsi-Co are some of the most prominent ones. Restaurant franchises are one way of introducing new products. An increasing number of restaurant chains are opening in Turkey, especially in Istanbul. These include casual dining, fast food and cafes. While most of these companies source food ingredients produced in Turkey, some require specialized ingredients or imports of certain items that are not readily available. Exporters should check with importers to see if they are approved suppliers for franchises. Additionally, Turkeys hotel sector has traditionally represented an important niche market for certain high-value food products that cannot be readily found throughout Turkey. Turkey attracts 30 million tourists every year, especially in Istanbul and Antalya. There are 336 five star and 543 four star hotels in Turkey and most of them are located in Antalya and Istanbul. Global hotel chains including the Marriot, Hilton and Sheraton have a strong presence in Turkey. Turkey is a major tourism destination for Germans, Russians, British and Scandinavian travellers. Five star hotels would like to offer more high-quality products to their customers. Fresh fruits and vegetables are readily available in Turkey but high quality meat (especially steak) and fishery products (especially shrimp and crab) can be extremely difficult to source. Trader associations are also very important contacts for those seeking to enter the market. The Feed Millers Association, Turkish Food and Drink Industry Association Federation, and Poultry Meat Producers and Breeders Association are examples of important traders organizations. (See Annex A for more details). A visit to Turkey to gain a first-hand information about the Turkish market, preferably coinciding with a major trade show such as FOODÄ °ST (See Annex C for more details), is a good way to get started before entering the Turkish market and meeting prospective importers. Similarly, international food shows such as ANUGA, SIAL and Gulfood area attracting more and more Turkish importers, and may also be a way to meet prospective customers. TRADE POLICY The major barrier to selling agricultural products to Turkey is high tariff rates. The tariff for beef cuts is bound at 225%, for milk is 150%, for white cheese is 80%, and for wheat and corn is normally 130% (depending on demand, the government can temporarily lower tariffs).Turkey and the United States signed an import protocol allowing imports of live dairy breeding cattle and for fattening cattle. However, neither a protocol for slaughter cattle, nor for cut beef has been negotiated. Another major barrier is a new Bio safety Law which has been enforced in Turkey since September 26, 2010. The law banned importation of any GMO products until the genes contained within go through a lengthy approval process. On January 26, 2011, Turkeys Bio safety Board approved the three biotech traits for soybeans (A2704-12, MON89788,MON40-3-2) for feed use that were approved in the European Union at the time, allowing U.S. soybeans to enter Turkey for feed use only. Then on December 24, 2011, The Bio safety Board approved 13 corn (see annex D for more information) events for feed use. The remaining 9 events have been reviewed, but due to a negative recommendation by the committees, approval will be difficult. New import regulations were published in the Official Gazette dated December 30, 2011. Changes in these regulations reflected that fact that the Ministry of Food Agriculture and Livestock (previously known as the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) was reorganized in 2011 and divided oversight of plant and animal products. According to the new import regime, plant and plant products no longer require control certificate (Find more details in Annex F) however the importer must pre-notify imports of material according to the information provided below. Some animal and animal products now require control certificates. A list of products which require control certificates is given in Annex E Most Turkish agriculture-related regulations, laws, communiquà ©s, directives, and notifications are available on the website of the General Directorate of Food Control (GDFC) of the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock (MINFAL): www.gkgm.gov.tr. Some of the regulations have an English translation available on the same website. The legal infrastructure of agriculture is mainly based on communiquà ©s rather than on laws. The reason for this is that the Turkish constitutional system does not allow laws to be adopted, amended or abolished easily. Therefore governments have traditionally preferred to publish communiquà ©s or regulations in order to maintain flexibility. As you will see from table below, currently the main policy goal of Turkish food and agriculture officials is to harmonize the related laws and regulations with the EU Acquis Communitarians. Sometimes it appears that this concern overwhelms other concerns such as national interest and farmer interests. IMPORT DUTIES High tariffs on the majority of food items continue to hinder the growth of food imports from the United States (see Annex G for tariff rates of important products). Import tariffs on consumer food products range from zero to 225 percent, but most products face tariffs in the range of 40-50 percent. Turkey has considerable flexibility in raising or lowering tariffs. Consequently, tariffs are subject to review and change, especially on December 30. Tariffs can vary and often depend on whether there is a need to import or not. Turkey normally applies the highest/bound rates for some products such as meat cuts at 225%. Some products, however, like cereals, have high tariff rates at 130% although still below the bound rate of 180%. Due to high meat prices last year, allowed imports of carcass meat (but not cuts) and lowered the customs tax from 225% to 30% at first, then slowly raised the tariff back to 75% when meat prices dropped slowly. Where there is strong demand but a lack of domestic supply, the applied tariff can be very low such 8% for soybeans, and DDGS at 4.3%. Turkish corn producers and soy millers are calling on the government to raise the bound rate on DDGS but, since it is bound, they use non-tariff barriers such as standards that are difficult to meet. Two important government agencies receive special tariff quotas when acting as importer get special tariff quotas. The Turkish Grain Board (TMO) (www.tmo.gov.tr) usually procures grain from the domestic market but when there is a need to import the government allocates a special zero tariff rate import quota for TMO. The other institute is The Meat and Fish Institute (www.ebk.gov.tr), which acts to control domestic meat prices and also receives reduced tariff meat import quotas from the government when there is a need. CUSTOMS INSPECTION AND DOCUMENTATION Upon entry of the product at Customs, the importer should be prepared to present the approved control certificate if required as well as other normal import documentation such as the bill of lading, original invoice and certificate of origin. In addition, the importer should be prepared to present Customs with the exporting companys analysis report for physical, chemical, microbiological and heavy metal content, and a certificate from the official food inspection agency of the country of origin stating that the product meets the quarantine requirements of the importing country. Turkish Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Livestock (MINFAL) officials take samples of the imported product to government laboratories for physical, chemical and microbiological analysis and confirm it matches the information supplied from the exporting country. Import of the foodstuff is allowed if the results of the analysis are found to be acceptable and consistent with Turkish regulations, and the imports have been approved by MINFAL. Results of the analysis are normally received within a few working days. If the inspection results do not match with Turkish requirements, the importer may request secondary sample tests. In the case that the secondary test results are also against the Turkish import requirements then the shipment is rejected by MINFAL authorities or they allow special treatments under specific circumstances.

The Hobbit by JRR Tolkein :: essays research papers

â€Å"The Hobbit† Book Report   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"The Hobbit† was written by J. R. R. Tolkien and secured as a copyright in 1937. The story is about a short, peaceful creature named Bilbo Baggins who, like most hobbits, is about half as tall as a human, but not nearly as loud. Bilbo resides in his comfortable hole where he leads a very easy-going life. He does, however have a side to himself that wants to go out and explore the world and be adventurous. One day a wizard, named Gandalf, comes to Bilbo’s house and discovers that he could use an adventure to make a difference in his life. Bilbo declines Gandalf’s invitation, but gets dragged into an expedition when Gandalf hires Bilbo as a â€Å"Burglar† to join a group of dwarves. These dwarves, led by Thorin, are going to head to the Lonely Mountain to reclaim treasure stolen from their family by a fierce dragon, named Smaug. Throughout the quest, the party is faced with trouble from trolls, goblins, spiders, and many â€Å"evil† creatures. Bi lbo is useful to the group because he can sneak around very quietly, and explore things without getting caught. This ability to sneak around is ever increased when he stumbles across a magic ring that makes him invisible. Using the ring, Bilbo comes across a way to kill the dragon and reclaim the treasure. He spreads word of Smaug’s weak spot and the dragon is killed, but not before an entire town is destroyed. When the treasure is reclaimed, there is much controversy over who gets to claim it. Thorin is, however, unwilling to share the treasure with anyone but the dwarves, and a war brews over it. The â€Å"good† creatures unite and defeat the â€Å"evil† creatures, but as a consequence Thorin is killed in battle. The treasure is then spread peacefully among the â€Å"good† creatures, including Bilbo, and he heads home. When he returns he finds that the other hobbits do no longer wish to interact with Bilbo because of his newfound adventurous ways. He do esn’t mind though, because he has gained many friends out of his expedition, who stop by frequently. The Hobbit is a great story for people who like to leave their present reality, and simply enter a world of fantasy. This novel’s most important element was the main character, Bilbo Baggins. The entire story revolves around Bilbo’s actions, and follows him wherever he goes.

Raising the Dropout Age Essay -- Education, GED, high school

Children are told from a young age that it is mandatory for them to graduate from high school, but it’s not until they are on the verge of dropping out that they hear the importance for staying in school. It is also when they hear how high school students who dropouts learn the incredible price to pay in the future when they give up on an education. Thinking with a teenage state of mind and trying to take the easy way out they go straight for a GED, which is told to be an equivalent earning of a diploma. Stated in a complete listing of educational resources most teachers tend to argue that â€Å"The General Educational Development lacks the depth and breadth found in a traditional high school education† (â€Å"The Facts about Getting a GED† par.5) Initially, the program was created for World War II veterans to receive their high school education after the war and not for students who decided that they wanted to give up (â€Å"General Educational Development† par.1). This was until the year of 1959 when veterans were not the only ones getting there GED but also those adults who had yet to finished high school (par.1). In the article â€Å"Dropouts†, from Education Week, it was stated that â€Å"Overall, the dropout rate has changed among racial and ethnic groups; the minorities tend to have higher dropout rates than their white classmates†(Kaufman and Bardby par. 4). As of today the GED profile is still changing into 3.5 to 6 million young teens between the age of 16 and 17 year olds who have decided that they do not want to finish school (Haskins par.1). Due to the National Public Radio it was stated that â€Å"Many states are willing to reduce the dropout rate by rising the high school dropout age to 18† (Abramson par. 10). This law should be passed throughou... ... set the same as the mandatory age for dropping out of leaving school. This is a high risk for giving children the opportunity to leave their education to earn money which will not benefit them in the long run without a diploma. There are few that will state that the mandatory age of a high school dropout is good at sixteen. Main requirements taught in high school become unnecessary, especially lower skilled jobs so not all people who dropout will be unsuccessful. Therefore, society is creating an economic waste by providing a service that has very little benefit to the majority of people (Rodriguez par.2). The PBS, the Public Broadcasting Service, provided facts that show that not all GED recipients are less successful than high school graduates. In example, both comedians Bill Cosby and Dave Thomas both received a GED and became highly successful. (Schleicher 1).

Personal Narrative - Body Image :: Personal Narrative Essays

Personal Narrative - Body Image One's body is what makes one who one is. Every inch of someone is what sets a person apart from everyone else. Even though everyone has an opinion about what his or her perfect body would be, changing one's personal features would take away from individuality. I personally would never have plastic surgery because when I look at myself, I do not see a tall, skinny young man with a funny looking nose and big "bug" eyes, but I see a beautifully sculpted masterpiece that God has made just for me. It is a body that gives me character, individuality, and confidence. In my personal opinion, and I say this as humbly as I can, I am a very good-looking young man. I have a very animated face that goes well with my personality, which is humorous, but in a mature fashion. I can be serious and stare at others with my endless snowflake blue eyes, but if I get too drastic for the mood, it is easy to look at my nose and then laugh to lighten the air. I take pride in the fact that there is no one else on this earth exactly like me. Not just my inner beauty, but my outer beauty makes me different from everyone else. Life would be so boring if everyone looked exactly the same, but what is inside oneself makes one beautiful, not only inside, but outside as well. I personally could not be more content and happy with who I am. If I were to walk down the street, there would be many different comments going through people's heads as I passed. Some people would find me attractive, and some would find me ugly. Some people might find me sexy, and others might find me skinny and sickly looking. The bottom line is that it does not matter what they think. It only matters what I think because I am the only one in the whole world that has to live with myself.

Foundations of teaching and learning Essay

I am going to deliver a lesson to my students, which will include the three main schools of learning, Behaviourism, Cognitivism and Humanism. I will incorporate these ways of learning into my lesson plans to ensure my students are offered a range of learning strategies. â€Å"The behaviourist learning theory suggests that we learn by receiving a stimulus that provokes a response. So long as the response is reinforced in some way that response will be repeated. † (Reece and Walker 2007) I think behaviourism is important within the classroom as it is controlled Education, where the teacher takes control of the class and the environment that the students are in. Behaviourism is the educational theory that is based on the underlying ideology that the environment has direct influence on behaviour. Aims and objectives must be shown at the beginning of the class, to ensure the students are aware of what is expected of them. Reinforcement should be used to strengthen behaviour that you want to encourage. Students should be rewarded immediately so it gives the student motivation and confidence to move on to the next stage. Rewards can be offered in a variety of ways e. g. praise, letting them take part in something they enjoy doing, and should be used often when starting a new subject. To ensure students are kept motivated. Behaviourists look for rewards from others such as teachers, family and peers etc. †¦ Some behaviour is inappropriate so a punishment is given to stop that particular behaviour occurring again. People learn by copying from others, for example, performing a demonstration (you are the model) students will learn behaviours from the model. Within my lesson plan I have covered behaviourism with discussing previous background knowledge of subject matter so I am able to gain the required information to move on to the next stage and by applying praise to give them confidence to be able to move on to the next stage. I will take control of the class; the environment within the class will be relaxed and non-threatening. I will offer encouragement and appraisal throughout my lesson, before the end of the lesson I have arranged practical session as a reward. The Cognitivist school believes that learning by doing, and asking students challenging questions, will help students make their own sense of what they era studying, and enable them to make use of their learning in real life† (Geoff Petty2009) The Cognitivist approach to learning focuses on students and how they gain and store knowledge. It looks into how students interpret information given to them and what technique is best for them to use to understand it. The information that is given to the students must be understood to ensure leaning is taking place. It should be presented in a step by step fashion and goals should be in place for each stage, Feedback is essential and should be given out promptly to ensure learning has taken place before moving on to the next stage. There are three modes of learning †¢ The Enactive mode – learning by doing †¢ The Iconic mode – imagery- depends on visual senses †¢ The symbolic mode – using codes to learn This approach should be used in an attempt to promote learning using the cognitive structure. Students learn more when they have a greater understanding of the knowledge within the subject matter. This information is taken and added onto existing information, which is known as deep learning. Deep learning is where new learning makes a connection to old learning so you are able to build on knowledge, Deep learning is good learning; students should be taught a way that encourage them to adopt a way of learning, so they have a deeper understanding. There is also surface learning where there is no connection at all from old learning to new. There is only a small amount of cognitive skills used, and the new subject material has no relevance to previous learning. Studies more recently have shown deeper approaches to learning are related to higher quality learning outcomes† (Ramsden 1992; Prosser and Miller 1989; Trigwell and Prosser, 1991). Learning takes place through individuals changing and processing information from their social and physical surroundings. The teaching strategies for this theory should include things such has class presentations, debates and lectures, videos, readings and case studies. Work material should always be clear to understand, and produced in an organised manner, precise objective feedback should be given to facilitate learning. The amount of knowledge and understanding already attained will influence the speed and capability to add subsequent learning. I have used the cognitivism school of learning within my lesson plan by using deep surface learning, I am going to be building students’ knowledge through learning new subject matter to add on to old. I will take into account the structure of the subject matter delivering it in a step by step manner that is meaningful and understandable to them so they can relate new information to what they already know. My teaching methods will emphasis common principles and transferable skills. I have set tasks so they will have to think for themselves and discover new ways of finding out things about themselves and finding answers within the tasks. There will also be class discussions throughout the lesson, so students have the opportunitiy to express themselves, the classroom environment will be pleasant and relaxed so the students do not feel afraid to speak out. I will be performing a demonstration for students so they will be able to understand exactly what I want them to learn† by doing â€Å". â€Å"The only way to learn how to do something is by doing it! † (Paul Ginnis 2002) Humanism is about the learner feeling good about him or herself and being able to determine their strengths and weaknesses. The learner should believe that able to have the ability to improve. It is important that students feel good about themselves so they are able to set goals that are achievable; this should be encouraged by the teacher to help develop student’s self-esteem. ] All topics should be relevant to the student so it keeps them interested and motivated. Students should not feel that they have done wrong, but use mistakes as an opportunity to learn. Hierarchy of Basic Human Needs [pic] Abraham Maslow 1962) It is essential that the lower needs are met before moving up to the next level in a step by step way. In a classroom setting, these needs must be fulfilled to ensure effective learning can take place. Starting with physical needs working up to self- actualisation. The teacher should make the classroom environment feel warm and friendly with a positive atmosphere, and give students the choice to work at their own pace and let them take responsibility to learn for themselves, so that they become highly motivated by working in an area of their own interests and curiosity. Humanistic teaching enables students to figure things out for themselves because over helping from the teacher will discourage and de motivate the student. Students are encouraged more by active learning than passive learning. It gives the student great motivation when they are able to solve their own problems. The prize for the humanistic theorist is through self-evaluation and self-direction humanists like to reward themselves. Self-assessment is a crucial skill it helps students to be responsible for their own improvements where tests set by teachers are thought of as discouraging – and lowering student’s self-esteem. I have incorporated humanistic teaching within my lesson plan through classroom environment; the layout of my class room is designed to suit the student’s needs. There will be adequate breaks, I will ensure comfortable surroundings, all students will be treated fairly and with dignity and confidentiality will be maintained at all times. I intend to promote interaction between students and show that I care. I will encourage independence and welcome ideas and offer prizes when appropriate, promote optimism and be enthusiastic and supportive and be positive about their future plans. So with this support I have applied basic needs within the classroom so my students will reach self-actualization I have set tasks where students will have to think for themselves and come up with their own conclusions. I have also included a practical activity where students will work in pairs and have to think between them to evaluate the outcome. We will be in an environment where the students are comfortable and the learning subject matter is relevant to the learner’s objectives. I think that the three main schools of learning should be incorporated within a lesson because I strongly agree with Maslow’s hierarchy of basic needs. You need to meet physical needs to be able to move up the ladder without these needs you are unable to achieve or reach self – actualisation. I believe that the humanistic approach to teaching and learning is used through all ages of teaching but is more influenced with adult education. Whereas behaviorism I believe is for the younger generation. Behaviorism teaching starts from an infant they are influenced by reinforcements and that is how good behavior is determined from bad. I think this is more effective with school age children. It helps to promote learning when a child is praised. The cognitivist theory plays a big part in learning, learning should be a part of life humans have a natural urge to learn, discover and develop new skills. I agree that it is important that the learning that is taking place and the information is recognized. Marking and feedback is essential and plays a big part in student achievement, so you can evaluate where the students understood.

Henry James’ “The Turn of the Screw” Essay

At first glance, it would appear that Henry James’ â€Å"The Turn of the Screw† and Tim Burton’s â€Å"Edward Scissorhands† have only one thing in common: they are both from the gothic genre. But upon looking closer, one will notice that there are a number of other similar traits between the two. There are noticeable similarities between Edward and the Governess, as well as similarities between Edward and the two children in The Turn of the Screw, Miles and Flora. There are also general themes which the two share – images of a â€Å"perfect† society, as well as onlookers who have no control over the situation. Both â€Å"The Turn of the Screw† and â€Å"Edward Scissorhands† have many traditional features of the gothic genre. However, when compared to each other, it is found that â€Å"The Turn of the Screw† has more of the ‘traditional’ gothic elements. These include things such as the mysterious setting; an atmosphere of mystery and suspense that is present throughout the entire novel; visions, which are a regular occurrence for the Governess; supernatural events – such as the ‘ghosts’ and the ‘possessions’ of the children; high emotion; women threatened by males, which is found on the many occasions in which the Governess feels threatened by Quint; and there are many instances in which the women of the novel are in distress. In spite of this, a number of these elements can also be found in Edward Scissorhands, if not to a lesser extent. These include elements such as the setting – while the entire movie does not take place in a ‘gothic setting’, there are times where the viewer is able to see Edward’s original home – a mysterious, gloomy castle; an atmosphere of mystery and suspense, which is an underlying theme throughout the movie; visions – to some extent – experienced by the Boggs’ neighbour; and supernatural events – largely, the overall creation of Edward. Other elements that are similar between the two are women in distress – in Edward Scissorhands, this is largely Kim; and women threatened by males – shown in scenes with Kim and her threatening boyfriend, Jim. There are not only similarities between the overall genre of The Turn of the Screw and Edward Scissorhands, but between the characters as well. There are striking similarities between the Governess, the narrator of the book, and Edward, the main character of the movie. One of the most prominent is that  neither of these lead characters have much experience in the ‘real world’, as is evident through their actions and words. However, the Governess and Edward deal with this in different ways. Edward is generally dazed and confused about everything. Nevertheless, Edward is willing to learn, and is open to being taught. In contrast, the Governess reacts to her lack of experience by acting as though she is knowledgeable. She is unwilling to try other methods, and refuses to listen to others who might know better. Both characters were also taught the difference between ‘right’ and ‘wrong’. Edward is taught this by the inventor, while the Governess is taught this through both her upbringing, and by her father. Both Edward and the Governess are taught this in theory, but have never experienced it in practice – that is, they have never been able to apply the idea of right and wrong to the real world. Additionally, there are a number of similarities between Edward, and the two children, Miles and Flora. Both have overbearing female or ‘mother’ figures in their lives. In Edward’s case, this is his ‘foster’ mother, Peg, who tends to be more caring towards him, and looks out for him. In the children’s case, this is the Governess. However, unlike Peg, the Governess coddles the children, spending all her time with them and not letting them out of her sight. Both of them are also blamed for something which they didn’t do, or which never happened. Edward is framed for the robbery and murder, which had the potential to get him in trouble with the law. This was a deliberate blame and set up. On the other hand, Miles and Flora were accused of seeing ghosts, and lying about it. However, in contrast to Edward’s situation, we never know whether this actually happened – but either way, it wasn’t a deliberate setup. There are even more similarities between Edward and the two children. Both of these characters are abandoned by their ‘father figure’. In Edward’s case, this is in the death of his inventor. Because of this, Edward has to learn to cope for himself, and as a result, is confused about how to act correctly. This differs to Miles and Flora – though their parents die, and their uncle effectively abandons him, they still have people who are willing to look after them, such as Mrs Grose and the Governess. They are also both  idealised by the people around them. The community idealises Edward – he is treated as a phase, the latest craze. They have preconceived notions of him, but don’t take the time to get to know him and see if they’re actually true. In the children’s case, this is where the Governess idealises Miles and Flora. She imagines them to be so perfect and innocent, but she doesn’t take the time to get to know them. Because of this, when they act differently to the behaviour she expects of them, she thinks something is wrong. Edward and Miles are both seen to have ‘dangerous’ characters, and because of this they eventually become shunned or kicked out – though the extent to which this happen differs. Miles is seen as a ‘danger’ to the other children, and is kicked out of his school, but he is not rejected or shunned overall, just from one place. In contrast, Edward is eventually shunned by society as a whole because they don’t understand him. As a result of this, he is rejected by society, and becomes an outcast. The narrative structure of the two texts is also quite similar. Both of them are told by a female, and in the first person. This viewpoint makes the story seem more personal, as it gives the reader or the viewer a better insight into what really took place. Both stories also start off in the present tense, with someone talking about the events which had previously taken place, before going into an account of the story. However, in The Turn of the Screw, we never go back to the original setting, whereas in Edward Scissorhands we are taken back to the original storyteller to finish the story. In both instances, it also gives the feel of the storyteller holding onto the secret, and waiting for the right time and place to finally tell their story to a willing audience. There are a number of general things which are common in both the texts. One of these is that both The Turn of the Screw and Edward Scissorhands have onlookers that have no control over the story, and don’t fully understand what is going on. In Edward Scissorhands, the onlooker is Kim – Peg’s daughter – who is a silent observer, and unsure as to what is happening. In The Turn of the Screw, this onlooker is Mrs Grose. Mrs Grose has no control over the actions of any of the other characters, and is forced to sit back and watch as the events take place around her, not fully knowing what is  going on. Another theme common in both texts, as well as being common in the gothic genre, is the idea of a woman being threatened by a powerful, impulsive, controlling male. In The Turn of the Screw, this is Quint, who, though dead, makes the Governess feel threatened. In Edward Scissorhands, the male is Jim – Kim’s boyfriend. She feels threatened by his actions, and especially at his reaction to Edward. But the most obvious similarity between the two texts is that both have a â€Å"perfect society†, which slowly falls away, leaving the reader with an image of a very tainted place. In Edward Scissorhands, the community that he lives in is regarded as perfect, with everyone being accepting of him. However, as the story progresses, the perfect image falls away and we are left with a community that is biased and judgemental. In The Turn of the Screw, it first appears as though everything is perfect – particularly the beauty of Bly, and the children’s characters, but we soon learn that it isn’t. Overall, while there are some aspects of the texts which are entirely different, there are too many similarities for one to say that they are not alike in some way. These similarities are shown in a number of areas – in the genre, the narrative structure, the character’s actions and thoughts, as well as the overall themes and ideas which are introduced. However, whether The Turn of the Screw and Edward Scissorhands are similar or entirely different, they are both classic examples of the gothic genre of fiction.

The Executive Development Project Edp Education Essay

The Executive Development Project harmonizing to me is the stepping rock of success to my executive calling. The Proposal of the EDP undertaking is the short version of the chief EDP which will include the different trials and groundss that would province my Professional Development on a uninterrupted footing. The EDP non merely focuses on my calling direction but besides on self direction. It will assist me to be cognizant of myself which would assist me non merely to achieve my ends but besides will assist me to cognize me myself. This will non merely assist me develop professionally but besides personally. The theories which motivated me are The Seven Habits Of Highly Effective People by Covey Paradigm Shift by Jarvis MAP and SOAR by Kumar Prosecuting in CPD by Megginson & A ; WhitakerBackground: –There are assorted methods by which we were told to self assess ourselves by our coachs which followed certain theories which will assist me in CPDStephen Covey- Seven Habits Of Highly Effective People ( 2004 ) : –Be Proactive: –This states that one should be self determined and should hold the power to command the environment around instead than other manner around. Therefore one should be Pro Active. Analyzing MBA in the University of Bedfordshire has made me pro active particularly after the MBA Practice Week. This has increased my involvement in acquiring my MBA Degree with good classs.Get down with terminal in head: –( Covey, 2004 ) states this as Personal Leadership wont which suggests that one should get down everything in his life holding a peculiar end. By making so I will be able to continue carefully in my hereafter by taking proper stairss and do me capable plenty to go through through the obstructions. This fits in me besides because at this point of clip I have started my Master in business with a end in head i.e. going a director in the corporate universe.Put first things foremost: –( Covey, 2004 ) , in the 3rd wont provinces that one should be organised adequate to be successful. He states this as Personal Management. This would assist me to acquire things done on clip and non to be kept till the terminal.Think Win-Win: –This wont of Interpersonal leading will besides play an of import function in my hereafter because it depends on co-operative work which in short is team work which I feel is really of import because of my calling end. I have already witnessed a spot of it in the MBA Practice Week.Seek foremost to understand and so to be understood: –I feel this as the most of import wont that Covey has reference because this manner of communicating is most efficient in the corporate universe. This would do me a good hearer as before being an adviser. This will do me understand the job and do the best possible solution.Synergize: –This is stated as Creative Co-operation in Covey, 2004. It is really of import to hold co-operation in the topographic point of work. I feel that if as an person could synergize I could bring forth better consequences particularly in team undertakings.Sharpen the Proverb: –This wont stated in ( Covey, 2004 ) is the Self Renewal wont. It is traveling to be really utile for me because I will be developing myself on a regular footing by making so. The ego here refers to my religious, physical, metal, social/emotional parts in me.Jarvis ( 2002 ) -Paradigm Shift: –Focus: –It is of import that I focus in my calling every bit good as in my work topographic point. This will assist me accomplish my ends at the expected clip every bit good as will increase my ability to undertake the aims in order to acquire to my ultimatum.Direction: –( Jarvis, 2002 ) says that a j ob should be looked from different angles. This is the most indispensable quality I require in my day-to-day life every bit good as at my hereafter work topographic point. If I look at the issues in several angles, I would acquire assorted solutions and it would assist me undertake it in a more elusive manner.Adaptability: –In simple words I have to accept the alteration the manner they come. I will hold to accept and accommodate consequently in order to do the best possible result. This is would do me ready for my hereafter to acquire adapted to my work topographic point to acquire the best out of me.Healthy ego regard and ego cognition: –It is really of import that I follow the cognition I possess in order to avoid uncertainties about my ability in forepart of others. So it is really of import that I put my cognition into pattern efficaciously to avoid the hazard of uncertainness that could take to my ruin.Kumar ( 2008 ) -MAP, SOAR: –Map: –Motivation: à ¢â‚¬â€œ Kumar says that it is really of import to do a self appraisal of one ego. In my instance of ego appraisal I need to cognize how motivated I am to accomplish my ends by larning through every stage of life. Here motive refers to my involvement and my advancement towards my point of involvement. This will assist me at times of unexpected jobs to be brave plenty to acquire to my ends. Abilities: – To acquire to my ends I need to cognize how able I am. This will assist me to do myself cognize the most current and possible abilities that can do me accomplish my ends. This will besides do me develop the bing abilities in me which will pitch my success which would enrich my calling in the corporate universe. Personality: – This will do me place my gustatory sensation, manner, penchants when I communicate with others. This is besides really of import because it is indispensable that I assess myself with respects to personality on a regular footing because it is an of import factor that will find my character. Therefore the utilizing MAP as a ego appraisal tool will non merely find my abilities but besides will hold an impact on each and every facet of my developmental procedure with respects to both life and hereafterSoar: –Self Awareness Opportunities Aspirations Consequences With the aid of SOAR I will be able have an consciousness of my ain ego. By making so I will cognize my Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. This will enable me to better on my weak points and menaces in order to catch the approaching chances. Therefore SOAR analysis will do me self cognizant by assisting me accomplish my aspirations.Prosecuting in CPD – Megginson & A ; Whitaker ( 2007 ) : –The lone manner I can develop myself professionally is by following the CPD rhythm given in ( Megginson & A ; Whitaker, 2007, pg 27 ) Self Assess Plan/prioritise Make Reappraisal Once I follow this rhythm I will be able to cognize about how I proceed to a peculiar end. Then reexamine my public presentation once more and look into my mistakes and rectifying it in the hereafter. I will be able to measure myself merely at a lower degree as compared to my others measuring me. Here I have to takes in history the points mentioned by Megginson & A ; Whitaker 2007 ) but the last two at a ulterior phase of my life. Work itself Contemplation by ego Feedback from others Individual Psychometric trials Organizational Prosodies Professional Prosodies Using this I will be able to supply grounds every bit good to my advancement with the CPD. This will assist me to supervise myself on a regular footing by which I will accomplish success both professionally and personally.Undertaking Time LineWeek Sem 1ActionResultWeek 1 Making me familiar with the topics in the MBA every bit good the intensity the class has. The first measure to carry through my dream started. Week 2 Becoming familiar to practical method of instruction. Got the thought of giving presentation and bettering my ability to hold on the chief points. Week 3 Making a seminar paper which was chiefly about the approaching talk session. Making things in progress. Making me to make a good research about the subject which was to be taught afterwards. Week 4 First trial in the MBA plan Had to utilize the old cognition of accounting which came ready to hand Week 5 Beginning of MBA Practice Week, First single presentation of life. Bettering squad accomplishment. Belbin ‘s theory assisting me to place my function in a squad. Assurance constructing while giving a presentation. Knowing what the subject is precisely Week 6 Dragon ‘s Den, Cultural workshop What all has to be done in order to get down a concern. How Culture shapes an person Week 7 â€Å" Houses Of Parliament † London Got the opportunity to interact with the MAYOR of Atlanta, US & A ; Week 8 Submiting the first chief assignment in the MBA How precisely to border theory into pattern and the high sum of research that is to be undertaken. Week 9 First Group Assignment and Presentation How to work efficaciously in a squad which is fundamentally a group of friends. Week 10 Submiting the Proposal for the EDP Is the stepping rock for the chief Undertaking.Evidences: –Evidence typeConsequencesHow will I utilize itSAQ Whether I am in the impulsive place or non To better my public presentation in and to measure the alterations in me. MBTI Which type of character am I Know more about myself which will besides assist to better my public presentation My Heros The individual whom we aspire to go one like. I will follow their way in order to accomplish success. I will besides seek to instill the qualities within them Belbin Resource Investigator, Coordinator, Specialist To hold more impact on these countries every bit good as to better the other countries. Ishikawa ‘s Fishbone To place the universe category me By bettering my nucleus values in order to go better and better My Development Plan My Future Development Plans How am I traveling to accomplish my ends in the hereafter Critical Incidents How they have affected me What I did? How has my life changed after that? Metaphorical House How I manage my head, organic structure, spirit, emotion This would do my growing on a personal footing Johari What I and people think about me Develop on my failings and Reduce my menacesDecision: –The EDP Proposal has hence helped to a great extent with regard the chief Undertaking. This Proposal through assorted trials and CPD has made me analyse my accomplishments and place my failings. The proposal besides focuses on four chief theories that will assist me develop professionally. The proposal has besides made me analyze the countries that I am missing, place my strength countries. The groundss that are provided by me besides points out the fact that where precisely I am. Therefore I would reason that the EDP is the major instrument through which I can analyse myself and develop myself both personally and professionally which would assist me accomplish my ends.Recommendations: –It is necessary that every person analyzes himself in order to cognize where he is placed. It is of import because he will come to cognize about the of import facets of his personality. This will assist him to continue with his devel opment stage which is ne'er stoping and development non merely in his professional life but in his overall personality. But when making the exercisings such as the SAQ ‘s, MBTI and other psychometries it should be seen that the information provided is true or else there wo n't be any major usage of making the exercisings. Besides the diaries should be maintained on a regular footing.